Block Diagram Of Computer | Block Diagram Of Computer System

 

 

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF COMPUTER

Block Diagram Of Computer | Block Diagram Of Computer System

INPUT:- THIS IS THE PROCESS OF ENTERING DATA AND INSTRUCTIONS INTO THE COMPUTER SYSTEM. YOU SHOULD KNOW THAT COMPUTER IS An ELECTRONIC MACHINE. THEREFORE.THE INPUT UNIT TAKES DATA FROM US IN AN ORGANISED MANNNER FOR PROCESSING.  THERE ARE MANY OF INPUT UNIT LIKE KEYBOARD, MOUSE, AND SCANNER MIKE ETC.

STORAGE:- THE PROCESS OF SAVING DATA AND INSTRUCTIONS PERMANENTLY IS KNOWN AS STORAGE.  DATA HAS TO BE FED INTO THE COMPUTER SYSTEM BEFORE THE ACTUALL PROCESSING STARTS.

THE STORAGE UNIT PERFORMS THE FOLLOWING MAJOR FUNCTIONS:

 

• ALL DATA AND INSTRUCTIONS ARE STORED HERE BEFORE AND AFTER PROCESSING,
• INTERMEDIATE RESULT OF PROCESSING ARE ALSO STORED HERE.

PROCESSING:- THE TASK OF PERFORMING OPERATIONS LIKE ARITHMETIC AND LOGICAL OPERATIONS IS CALLED PROCESSING. THE CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU) TAKES DATA AND INSTRUCTIONS FROM THE STORAGE UNIT AND MAKES ALL SORTS OF CALCULATION BASED ON THE INSTRUCTIONS GIVEN AND THE TYPE DATA PROVIDED. IT IS THEN SENT BACK TO THE STORAGE UNIT.

OUTPUT: – THIS IS THE PROCESS OF PRODUCING RESULT FROM THE DATA FOR GETTING USEFUL INFORMATION. SIMILIARLY THE OUTPUT PRODUCED BY THE COMPUTER AFTER PROCESSING MUST ALSO BE KEPT SOMEWHERE INSIDE THE COMPUTER BEFORE BEING GIVEN TO YOU IN HUMAN READABLE FORM. AGAIN THE OUTPUT IS ALSO STORED INSIDE THE COMPUTER FOR FURTHER PROCESSING.

 CONTROL: – THE MANNER HOW INSTRUCTIONS ARE EXUCUTED AND THE ABOVE OPERATIONS ARE PERFORMED. CONTROLLING OF ALL OPERATIONS LIKE INPUT, PROCESSING, OUTPUT ARE PERFORMED BY CONTROL UNIT. IT TAKES CARE OF STEP BY STEP PROCESSING OF ALL OPERATIONS INSIDE THE COMPUTER.

FUNCTIONAL UNIT:- THE COMPUTER SYSTEM IS DIVEDED INTO THREE SEPARATE UNITS FOR ITS OPERATION. THEY ARE

1) ARITHMETIC LOGICAL UNIT
2) CONTROL UNIT
3) CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT

1) ARITHMETIC LOGICAL UNIT (ALU):- AFTER YOU ENTER DATA THROUGH THE INPUT DEVICE IT IS STORED IN THE PRIMARY STORAGE UNIT. THE ACTUAL PROCESSING OF DATA AND INSTRUCTION ARE PERFORMED BY ARITHMETIC LOGICAL UNIT. THE MAJOR OPERATIONS PERFORMED BY THE ALU ARE ADDITION, SUBSTRACTION, MULTIPLICATION, DIVISION, LOGICAL  AND COMPARISON. DATA IS TRANSFERRED TO ALU FROM STORAGE UNIT WHEN REQUIRED. AFTER PROCESSING THE OUTPUT IS RETURNED BACK TO STORAGE UNIT FOR FURTHER PROCESSING OR GETTING STORED.

2) CONTROL UNIT :- THE NEXT COMPONENTS OF (CPU) IS CONTROL UNIT, WHICH ACTS LIKE THE SUPERVISIOR SEEING THAT THINGS ARE DONE IN PROPER FASHION. CONTROL UNIT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR CO-ORDINATING VARIOUS OPEARTIONS USING TIME SIGNAL. THE CONTROL UNIT DETERMINES THE SEQUENCE IN WHICH COMPUTER POROGRAMS AND INSTRUCTIONS ARE EXECUTED. IT ALSO ACTS AS A SWITCH BOARD OPERATOR WHEN SEVERAL USERS ACCESS THE COMPUTER SIMULTANEOUSLY.  THERBY IT CORDINATE THE COMPUTER PERIPHERAL EQUIPMENT AS THEY PERFORM THE INPUT AND OUTPUT.

 

3) CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT  :- THE ALU AND THE CU ARE JOINTLY KNOWN AS THE CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT. YOU MAY CALL CPU AS THE BRAIN OF ANY COMPUTER SYSTEM. IT IS JUST LIKE THE BRAIN THAT TAKES ALL MAJOR DECISIONS, MAKES ALL SORTS OF CALCULATIONS AND DUIIRECT DIFFERENT PART OF THE COMPUTER FUNCTIONS BY ACTIVATING AND CONTROLLING THE OPERATIONS.